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The Python Institute PCPP-32-101 exam is globally recognized as one of the most sought-after exams to get certified as a professional Python programmer, and it is suitable for both beginners and experienced Python programmers. PCPP1 - Certified Professional in Python Programming 1 certification is a valuable asset for professionals who are looking to improve their career prospects or transition to a career in software development.
NEW QUESTION # 15
Select the true statements related to PEP 8 naming conventions. (Select two answers.)
- A. Function and variable names should be lower-case with words separated by underscores.
- B. Constants should be written in all lower-case letters with words separated by underscores
- C. You should always use self as the first argument to instance methods, and cls as the first argument to class methods.
- D. Modules should have short names written in CameICase.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Explanation
Option A is true because PEP 8 recommends that function and variable names should be lowercase, with words separated by underscores .
Option D is true because PEP 8 recommends that constants should be written in all capital letters with words separated by underscores .
PEP 8 is the official style guide for Python code. It provides guidelines for how to write readable code that follows consistent naming conventions. The aim of PEP 8 is to improve the readability of Python code and make it easier to understand and maintain.
According to PEP 8, variable and function names should be written in all lower-case letters with words separated by underscores, as stated in A. Constants, which are variables whose value is expected to remain constant throughout the code, should be written in all upper-case letters with words separated by underscores, as stated in D.
References:
* PEP 8 -- Style Guide for Python Code: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/
* Python Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/classes.html#classmethods-and-staticmethods
NEW QUESTION # 16
The following snippet represents one of the OOP pillars Which one is that?
- A. Serialization
- B. Encapsulation
- C. Inheritance
- D. Polymorphism
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The given code snippet demonstrates the concept of encapsulation in object-oriented programming.
Encapsulation refers to the practice of keeping the internal state and behavior of an object hidden from the outside world and providing a public interface for interacting with the object. In the given code snippet, the __init__ and get_balance methods provide a public interface for interacting with instances of the BankAccount class, while the __balance attribute is kept hidden from the outside world by using a double underscore prefix.
NEW QUESTION # 17
Which one of the following methods allows you to debug an XML tree in the xml.etree ELementTree module?
- A. parse
- B. debug
- C. log
- D. dump
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The dump() method in the xml.etree.ElementTree module allows you to output a debug representation of an XML tree to a file or standard output. This method is useful for analyzing the structure of the tree and tracking down errors.
NEW QUESTION # 18
Select the true statements about the following invocation:
(Select two answers.)
- A. It addresses a service deployed at localhost (the host where the code is run).
- B. It addresses a service located at the following address local.host.com.
- C. It addresses a service whose timeout is set to 3000 ms.
- D. It addresses a service listening at port 3000.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
Explanation
It addresses a service deployed at localhost (the host where the code is run).
This statement is true because localhost is a special hostname that refers to the local machine or the current host where the code is run. It is equivalent to using the IP address 127.0.0.1, which is the loopback address of the network interface. By using localhost as the hostname, the invocation addresses a service that is deployed on the same machine as the client.
It addresses a service listening at port 3000.
This statement is true because port 3000 is the part of the URL that follows the colon after the hostname. It specifies the port number where the service is listening for incoming requests. A port number is a 16-bit integer that identifies a specific process or application on a host. By using port 3000, the invocation addresses a service that is listening at that port.
It addresses a service whose timeout is set to 3000 ms.
This statement is false because timeout is not a part of the URL, but a parameter that can be passed to the requests.get () function in Python. Timeout specifies how long to wait for the server to send data before giving up. It is measured in seconds, not milliseconds. By using timeout=3, the invocation sets the timeout to 3 seconds, not 3000 ms.
It addresses a service located at the following address local.host.com.
This statement is false because local.host.com is not the same as localhost. Local.host.com is a fully qualified domain name (FQDN) that consists of three parts: local, host, and com. It requires DNS resolution to map it to an IP address. Localhost, on the other hand, is a special hostname that does not require DNS resolution and always maps to 127.0.0.1. By using localhost as the hostname, the invocation does not address a service located at local.host.com.
References:
https://docs.python.org/3/library/requests.html : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Localhost :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_(computer_networking) :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fully_qualified_domain_name
NEW QUESTION # 19
What will happen if the mamwindow is too small to fit all its widgets?
- A. The window will be expanded.
- B. Some widgets may be invisible
- C. An exception will be raised.
- D. The widgets will be scaled down to fit the window's size.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
If the main window is too small to fit all its widgets, some widgets may be invisible. So, the correct answer is Option A.
When a window is not large enough to display all of its content, some widgets may be partially or completely hidden. The window will not automatically expand to fit all of its content, and no exception will be raised. The widgets will not be automatically scaled down to fit the window's size.
If the main window is too small to fit all its widgets, some of the widgets may not be visible or may be partially visible. This is because the main window has a fixed size, and if there are more widgets than can fit within that size, some of them will be outside the visible area of the window.
To avoid this issue, you can use layout managers such as grid, pack, or place to dynamically adjust the size and position of the widgets as the window changes size. This will ensure that all the widgets remain visible and properly arranged regardless of the size of the main window.
References:
* https://www.tkdocs.com/tutorial/widgets.html#managers
* https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/python-tkinter-widgets/
* https://anzeljg.github.io/rin2/book2/2405/docs/tkinter/introduction.html
NEW QUESTION # 20
What is true about type in the object-oriented programming sense?
- A. It is an object used to instantiate a class
- B. It is a built-in method that allows enumeration of composite objects
- C. It is the bottommost type that any object can inherit from.
- D. It is the topmost type that any class can inherit from
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
In Python, type is the built-in metaclass that serves as the base class for all new-style classes. All new-style classes in Python, including built-in types like int and str, are instances of the type metaclass and inherit from it.
NEW QUESTION # 21
What is a static method?
- A. A method that works on class objects that are instantiated
- B. A method that works on the class itself
- C. A method decorated with the @method trait
- D. A method that requires no parameters referring to the class itself
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
A static method is a method that belongs to a class rather than an instance of the class. It is defined using the @staticmethod decorator and does not take a self or cls parameter. Static methods are often used to define utility functions that do not depend on the state of an instance or the class itself.
NEW QUESTION # 22
What is ElementTree?
- A. A Python library that contains functions and tools used for manipulating text files in GUI Programming.
- B. A Python built-in module that contains functions used for creating HTML files.
- C. A Python built-in module that contains functions used for parsing and creating XML data.
- D. A Python library that contains an API used for parsing and manipulating JSON files.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
ElementTree is a Python built-in module that provides a simple and efficient API for parsing and creating XML data. It allows you to access and manipulate XML data in a very straightforward way, making it easy to write XML processing applications.
NEW QUESTION # 23
Select the true statements about the connection-oriented and connectionless types of communication. (Select two answers.)
- A. Using walkie-talkies is an example of a connection-oriented communication
- B. A phone call is an example of a connection-oriented communication
- C. In the context of TCP/IP networks, the communication side that initiates a connection is called the client, whereas the side that answers the client is called the server
- D. Connectionless communications are usually built on top of TCP
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Explanation
In the context of TCP/IP networks, the communication side that initiates a connection is called the client, whereas the side that answers the client is called the server.
This statement is true because TCP/IP networks use a client-server model to establish connection-oriented communications. The client is the device or application that requests a service or resource from another device or application, which is called the server. The server responds to the client's request and provides the service or resource.For example, when you browse a website using a web browser, the browser acts as a client and sends a request to the web server that hosts the website. The web server acts as a server and sends back the requested web page to the browser1.
Connectionless communications are usually built on top of TCP.
This statement is false because TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a connection-oriented protocol that requires establishing and terminating a connection before and after sending data. Connectionless communications are usually built on top of UDP (User Datagram Protocol), which is a connectionless protocol that does not require any connection setup or teardown. UDP simply sends data packets to the destination without checking if they are received or not2.
Using walkie-talkies is an example of a connection-oriented communication.
This statement is false because using walkie-talkies is an example of a connectionless communication.
Walkie-talkies do not establish a dedicated channel or connection between the sender and receiver before transmitting data. They simply broadcast data over a shared frequency without ensuring that the receiver is ready or available to receive it. The sender does not know if the receiver has received the data or not3.
A phone call is an example of a connection-oriented communication.
This statement is true because a phone call is an example of a connection-oriented communication. A phone call requires setting up a circuit or connection between the caller and callee before exchanging voice data. The caller and callee can hear each other's voice and know if they are connected or not. The phone call also requires terminating the connection when the conversation is over4.
References:
1: https://www.techtarget.com/searchnetworking/definition/client-server 2:
https://www.javatpoint.com/connection-oriented-vs-connectionless-service 3:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkie-talkie 4: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_call A is true because in the context of TCP/IP networks, the communication side that initiates a connection is called the client, and the side that answers the client is called the server. This is the basis for establishing a connection-oriented communication.
D is true because a phone call is an example of a connection-oriented communication. Like TCP/IP, a phone call establishes a connection between two devices (in this case, two phones) before communication can occur.
A is true because in the context of TCP/IP networks, the communication side that initiates a connection is called the client, and the side that answers the client is called the server. This is the basis for establishing a connection-oriented communication.
D is true because a phone call is an example of a connection-oriented communication. Like TCP/IP, a phone call establishes a connection between two devices (in this case, two phones) before communication can occur.
B is false because connectionless communications are usually built on top of UDP, not TCP. UDP is a connectionless protocol that does not establish a connection before sending data.
C is false because using walkie-talkies is an example of a connectionless communication. Walkie-talkies do not establish a connection before communication begins, and messages are simply broadcasted to all devices within range.
Here is a sample code in Python using the socket module to create a TCP server and client to demonstrate the connection-oriented communication:
Server-side code:
importsocket
HOST ='127.0.0.1'
PORT =8080
with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:
s.bind((HOST, PORT))
s.listen()
conn, addr = s.accept()
with conn:
print('Connected by', addr)
whileTrue:
data = conn.recv(1024)
ifnotdata:
break
conn.sendall(data)
Client-side code:
importsocket
HOST ='127.0.0.1'
PORT =8080
with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:
s.connect((HOST, PORT))
s.sendall(b'Hello, world')
data = s.recv(1024)
print('Received',repr(data))
The server listens for incoming connections on port 8080, and when a connection is established, it prints the address of the client that has connected. The server then continuously receives data from the client and sends it back to the client until the connection is closed.
The client establishes a connection with the server and sends the message "Hello, world" encoded as bytes. It then waits for a response from the server and prints the data it receives.
NEW QUESTION # 24
Select the true statements about the json.-dumps () function. (Select two answers.)
- A. It takes a JSON string as its argument
- B. It returns a JSON string.
- C. It takes Python data as its argument.
- D. It returns a Python entity.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Explanation
The json.dumps() function is used to convert a Python object into a JSON string 1. It takes Python data as its argument, such as a dictionary or a list, and returns a JSON string.
NEW QUESTION # 25
Which of the following constants will be used if you do riot define the quoting argument in the writer method provided by the csv module?
- A. csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL
- B. csv.QUOTE_NONE
- C. svQUOTE_ALL
- D. csv.QUOTE_NONNUMERIC
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
If you do not define the quoting argument in the writer method provided by the csv module, the default quoting behavior is set to QUOTE_MINIMAL. This means that fields containing special characters such as the delimiter or newline character will be quoted, while fields that do not contain special characters will not be quoted.
NEW QUESTION # 26
Select the true statements about the sqirte3 module. (Select two answers.)
- A. The sqhte3 module does not support transactions.
- B. The fetchall method returns an empty list when no rows are available
- C. The special name memory is used to create a database in RAM.
- D. The sqlite3 module provides an interface compliant with the DB-API 2.0.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Explanation
The sqlite3 module in python provides an interface compliant to the DB-API 2.0. Thus, it follows a standard performance metric that allows for consistency in database programming with python.
The special name 'memory' is used to create a database in RAM using the sqlite3 module. Thus, when you use it as the name of the database file while opening a connection, it creates a temporary database that exists only in memory.
NEW QUESTION # 27
In the JSON processing context, the term serialization:
- A. refers to nothing, because there is no such thing as JSON serialization.
- B. names a process in which a JSON string is remodeled and transformed into a new JSON string
- C. names a process in which Python data is turned into a JSON string.
- D. names a process in which a JSON string is turned into Python data.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
In the JSON processing context, the term serialization: A. names a process in which Python data is turned into a JSON string.
Serialization refers to the process of converting a data object, such as a Python object, into a format that can be easily transferred over a network or stored in a file. In the case of JSON, serialization refers to converting Python data into a string representation using the JSON format. This string can be sent over a network or stored as a file, and later deserialized back into the original Python data object.
NEW QUESTION # 28
Select the true statements about the sqlite3 module. (Select two answers.)
- A. The execute method is provided by the Cursor class
- B. The fetchalt method returns None when no rows are available
- C. The fetchone method returns None when no rows are available
- D. The execute method allows you to perform several queries at once
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
Explanation
The execute method is provided by the Cursor class
This statement is true because the execute method is one of the methods of the Cursor class in the sqlite3 module. The Cursor class represents an object that can execute SQL statements and fetch results from a database connection. The execute method takes an SQL query as an argument and executes it against the database. For example, cur = conn.cursor (); cur.execute ("SELECT * FROM table") creates and executes a cursor object that selects all rows from a table.
The fetchone method returns None when no rows are available
This statement is true because the fetchone method is another method of the Cursor class in the sqlite3 module.
The fetchone method fetches the next row of a query result set and returns it as a single tuple or None if no more rows are available. For example, row = cur.fetchone () fetches and returns one row from the cursor object or None if there are no more rows.
NEW QUESTION # 29
Select the true statement about the___name___attribute.
- A. ___name___is a special attribute, which is inherent for both classes and instances, and it contains information about the class to which a class instance belongs.
- B. ___name is a special attribute, which is inherent for both classes and instances, and it contains a dictionary of object attributes.
- C. __name___is a special attribute, which is inherent for classes and it contains information about the class to which a class instance belongs.
- D. __name___is a special attribute, which is inherent for classes, and it contains the name of a class.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The true statement about the __name__ attribute is D. name is a special attribute, which is inherent for classes, and it contains the name of a class. The __name__ attribute is a special attribute of classes that contains the name of the class as a string.
The __name__ attribute is a special attribute in Python that is available for all classes, and it contains the name of the class as a string. The __name__ attribute can be accessed from both the class and its instances using the dot notation.
NEW QUESTION # 30
Analyze the following snippet and select the statement that best describes it.
- A. The code is an example of implicitly chained exceptions.
- B. The code is fine and the script execution is not interrupted by any exception.
- C. The code is an example of explicitly chained exceptions.
- D. The code is erroneous as the OwnMath class does not inherit from any Exception type class
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
In the given code snippet, an instance of OwnMath exception is raised with an explicitly specified __cause__ attribute that refers to the original exception (ZeroDivisionError). This is an example of explicitly chaining exceptions in Python.
NEW QUESTION # 31
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